Coinfecção de hiv e leishmaniose visceral: revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS/AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is characterized by a sharp drop in the immune system, commonly through sexual contact, also by fomites such as: needles contaminated with the blood of a woman. infected person, organ transplant, placenta, breast milk and during childbirth. Along with HIV there are opportunistic diseases, namely Visceral Leishmaniasis. This infection is vectored by the arthropod Lutzomyia longipalpis, is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and has dogs as the most common reservoir. Visceral Leishmaniasis occurs in 90% of the country's territory and this coinfection usually generates inefficient responses to treatment, recurrences and premature deaths. Thus, it is necessary to further study this coinfection and pay greater attention to avoiding it. Objective: The aim of this review work is to evaluate several articles in the literature, the co-infection of HIV and Visceral Leishmaniasis, to know the main signs and symptoms, transmission, diagnosis, treatment of this co-infection. Methodology: This study is a literature review, which uses various knowledge described in the literature, using texts that address the theme of this work. The research was done through sources such as the Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, among other important sources, such as books. Texts in Portuguese and English were used. The texts were carefully read and examined, and those considered relevant were chosen. Conclusions: It is noted that this co-infection is endemic in various regions of the planet, with the possibility of unfavorable prognoses, requiring greater attention so that the diagnosis is made quickly and further study for less toxic treatments and, especially, measures for prophylaxis of both infections.