O impacto dos estilos parentais na saúde mental de adolescentes: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

This work sought to analyze the impact of parenting styles on the mental health of adolescents, especially considering manifestations of anxiety disorders and depressive disorders. The method used was a systematic literature review and covered 16 studies published in the last 5 years, which used samples aged between 10 and 19 years from various regions of the world. The results indicated a clear association between parenting styles and the mental health of adolescents. The authoritative parenting style was consistently associated with lower levels of anxiety and depression in all the studies that mentioned it, being considered as a protective factor for the mental health of adolescents. On the other hand, the authoritarian parenting style revealed frequent associations with symptoms of anxiety and depression, setting itself up as a strong risk factor. Interventions directed at parents proved effective in modifying parenting styles to a more positive style. We suggest for future research the inclusion of studies that address the perception of parents in relation to their own parenting styles, such as third-party observations, in order to obtain a more comprehensive and objective understanding of parenting styles.