Influência Do Saneamento Básico E Aspectos Sociodemográficos Na Distribuição De Enteroparasitoses No Estado Do Maranhão

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic factors and the lack of basic sanitation on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in the state of Maranhão. This is a descriptive literature review with a qualitative approach. A bibliographical research was carried out in the databases: Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar and SciELO, based on the descriptors: “enteroparasitosis”, “epidemiology”, “sanitation” and “schooling”. As well as its correspondents in English: “intestinal parasites”, “sanitation” and “schooling”, between the periods of 2017 and 2022. Maranhão has an estimated population of 7,153,262 people, being the tenth most populous state in Brazil and occupies fifth place in the ranking of the twenty cities with the worst sanitation in the country. In Maranhão, only 19.9% of the houses have sewage outlets, which are closely related to the transmission of intestinal parasites, since these are mostly transmitted through water. These percentages are worse in rural areas, and some regions do not have any type of pit. Given that the life cycle of these parasites is linked to lack of sanitation, it is possible to state that the populations are more susceptible to infection by intestinal parasites in Maranhão.