Identificação de compostos e avaliação citotóxica, antibacteriana, antioxidante e antifúngico do óleo essencial de pilocarpus microphyllus

Abstract

Natural products have attracted increasing attention due to their ample biodiversity and because they contain an infinity of physical, chemical and biological properties, which give them many applications, such as pharmacological application in the treatment of several pathologies. Brazil is highlighted for being one of the countries with the greatest diversity in species of plants. On majority, these plants produce substances with yet unknown attributes. Essential oils are some of the substances extracted from plants, and they have several biological attributes that interesting the pharmaceutical industry. Some of their attributes are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antitumor. The study aims to chemically identify compounds of the essential oil of Pilocarpus microphyllus, as

well as to evaluate the antibacterial activity of this compound in Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacteria, as well as to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of essential oil in human

tumor cells in vitro, Besides evaluating the antioxidant potential and antifungal. To this, the essential oil of Pilocarpus microphyllus was extracted by Steam Distillation Technique. Then, the oil was chemically characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which showed three major peaks, identified as trans-caryophyllene, γ-cadylene and tridecanone. Analyzes of the antibacterial activity were done by observing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) through the halo formed around the wells, thus conferring the presence or absence of antibacterial activity, where no activity was observed at the concentration tested (20 μg / mL) To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of the oil in vitro, we used four human tumor cell lines in which cytotoxic activity where it was observed, SF-295 with IC50 of 24.5 μg / mL, K-562 With IC50 of 24.3 μg / mL, PC-3 with IC50 of 27.8 μg / mL and HCT-116 with IC50 of 28.4 μg / mL. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method. The broth microdilution technique was used to evaluate the antifungal activity, the results were satisfactory.