Influência dos Polimorfismos Rs25531 e Rs25532 do Gene Slc6a4 na Modulação da Frequência da Banda Teta do Eeg Durante a Tarefa de Percepção Temporal

Abstract

The way the individual perceives the time around him influences his actions, either in physical space or cognitively. Basic activities of the individual routine take into account the temporal perception to be effectively performed. Some disorders such as depression and anxiety can lead to an underestimation of time, where individuals with these conditions tend to notice the passage of time more slowly. Neurotransmitters such as serotonin play an important role in the manifestation of these diseases and therefore tend to relate temporal perception with neuromodulators and their polymorphisms. The SLC6A4 gene encodes the serotonin transporter protein (SERT), important in the reuptake of this molecule. The rs25531 and rs25532 polymorphisms may be related to differences in the structure of this receptor, which influences serotonin reuptake capacity, modulating its effects on the central nervous system. This study recruited 158 volunteers between 18 and 32 years of age, all male and with no history of neurological diseases. Electroencephalogram data were collected from these individuals during the time reproduction task. DNA samples were collected and genotyped using the qPCR technique, and from the analysis of the two polymorphisms, it was observed that population are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p> 0.05). The rs25531 polymorphism had an allele frequency of 97% for allele A and 3% for allele G, resulting in a genotypic frequency of 93% for A / A, 6% for A / G and 0% for G / G. The rs25532 polymorphism presented an allele frequency of 96% for the C allele and 4% for the T allele, resulting in a genotypic frequency of 92% for C / C, 7% for C / T and 1% for T / T. Behavioral results show an increase in task execution error as the time interval increases, but no significant difference was observed between the groups A/A vs. A/G + G/G or C/C vs. C/T + T/T. In addition, no differences were observed in the theta band asymmetry of the prefrontal cortex of these volunteers, suggesting that neither hemisphere predominates over the other. The results obtained here suggest that the rs25531 and rs25532 polymorphisms, when analyzed separately, are not capable of interfering with individual temporal perception, since this complex behavior is influenced by other polymorphisms.