Classificação das barreiras e facilitadores no atendimento e no tratamento a gestantes com hipertensão, diabetes e obesidade segundo o modelo de Crenças em Saúde (HBM)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to classify the barriers and facilitators that influence the care and treatment of high-risk pregnant women treated at a Specialized Center for Maternal and Child Care according to the Health Belief Model. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach. We evaluated 71 pregnant women aged between 20 and 40 years who were classified as high risk because they belonged to one of the groups: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus or obesity. Thematic analysis was used to facilitate the emergence of themes, in which two researchers captured meanings and patterns that related the barriers and facilitators that were present in the prenatal care of pregnant women and, after this identification, they were classified according to the criteria of the Health Belief Model. The results suggest that the environmental barrier was the most frequent for carrying out the consultations and the personal barrier was the most recurrent as a treatment barrier. On the other hand, the facilitators of personal and social categories were the ones that stood out the most as facilitators of care and treatment.