Efeitos dos polissacarídeos sulfatados da alga Marinha gracilaria caudata em ratos no modelo de Periodontite induzida por ligadura

Abstract

The Periodontal Disease (PD) affects millions of people worldwide, and it is characterized by the periodontal tissues destruction such as periodontal ligament, cement and alveolar bone, involving immune-inflammatory mechanisms. This present study aimed to investigate the seaweed Gracilaria caudate’s effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides (SP), in a new way, with ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. A total number of five groups for experimental were used with seven animals in each group. The groups were the Health Control (HC) group, which the periodontitis was not submitted; the Periodontitis Control, the experiment was done without any treatment (PC – saline solution mg/kg) and the Treatment T1(2,5 mg/kg SP), Treatment T2 (5,0 mg/kg SP) and Treatment T3(10,0 mg/kg SP), the groups PC and T1 were repeated on a second test, making a total of forty nine rats (Rattus novergicus, wistar, females). There were evaluated Gingival Bleeding Rate (GBR) and Drilling Depth Rate (DDR), morphometric study, Bone Mineral Density analysis (BMD) of bone adjacent parts to an induction sample of periodontitis, myeloperoxidase concentration in gingival tissue, peripheral blood Total Cell Count (TCC), kidneys histopathology, Glutathione reductase dosages (GRD), and liver and kidneys Malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that the SP (2,5mg/kg, better dosage) improved ISG ( 63,20%, p<0,05), IPS (58,61%, p<0,05), acted in the MPO dosage reduction (62,57%, p<0,05), BMD improved in the mandibular area (6,87%, p<0,05), there were not effects on the TCC in peripheral blood (p>0,05), besides it was not verified any histopathological changes on the kidney, however, there were not significant changes (p>0,05) in the bone height lost by PD, and they were not able to reduce oxidative stress in liver and kidneys through GRD and MDA rates. It can be concluded that the SP (2,5mg/km) were able to reduce inflammatory aspects of periodontitis, there was a beneficial effect in BMD in the mandibular area, and there were not triggered off any systemic harmful effects on the kidneys, however, they were not able to reduce the bone height lost caused by DP, and they did not change the liver and kidneys oxidative stress.