Associação dos polimorfismos CDH1-160 C/A e Tp53 ARG72PRO com a susceptibilidade e o prognóstico do câncer de próstata de alto risco em pacientes no estado do piauí

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the non-cutaneous malignancy most often diagnosed in older men, making it a serious public health problem today. Although the risk factors related to its development are known, its pathogenesis is little understood mainly, as regards its relation with the genetic factors. Abnormal expression and/or function of genes such as CDH1 and TP53 contribute to tumor progression through increased invasion and metastasis, and therefore are frequently reported in prostate tumors thus being such genes may be potential genetic markers and help identify individuals with susceptibility to this neoplasm. The study comprised a case-control study with 156 patients with high-risk prostate cancer according to D'Amico classification, diagnosed at the Hospital São Marcos in Teresina-PI and 193 healthy controls with no history of cancer. It aims to identify associations of CDH1-160C/A and TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphisms with the susceptibility and prognosis of high-risk Prostate Cancer by clinical-pathological variables in patients from the state of Piaui. Polymorphism analysis was performed by the polymerase chain reaction technique and subsequent enzymatic digestion (PCR-RFLP). For the analysis of the data was used the program IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0.0 with the statistical significance established in p≤0.05. The correlation analyzes, Odds Ratio (OR) in a 95% confidence interval (CI) were evaluated by a non-conditional Logistic Regression model. The results of the distribution of allele frequencies of CDH1- 160 C/A (OR=1.17, 95% CI 0.84-1.63, p=0.38) and TP53 Arg72Pro (OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.64-1.20, p=0.47) did not present statistically significant differences between the control and cases. Our results did not indicate susceptibility to Prostate Cancer in the presence of CDH1-160 C/A and TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphisms. In addition, there was no association between the polymorphisms with high risk Prostate Cancer prognosis and the clinical variables of the cases: PSA serum levels, Gleason score and TNM tumor stage (p>0.05). Continuous studies are necessary for the better understanding that the effect of genetic variations act as a susceptibility factor for prostate cancer.