Aspectos ergonômicos do cotidiano de trabalho nas atividades dos garis de capina e varrição em uma organização de limpeza urbana

Abstract

Work occupies a structuring place in human life and is vital for survival. With technological evolution, many transformations occurred in the conception of work. In this scenario, Ergonomics arises considering the capabilities and limitations of the worker. The main objective of this research was to perform an analysis of the ergonomic aspects in the activity of weeding and sweeping workers of avenues and squares, in an urban cleaning institution located in a municipality of Piauí state. For this, the methodology used was based on the Ergonomic Work Analysis - AET, which proposes to produce knowledge in the promotion of worker health, increasing its productive effectiveness in the institution. The survey had a total of nineteen street sweepers analyzed in a two-step study: seventeen weeding street sweepers and avenues and two street cleaners in a municipality in the state of Piauí. As for the instruments consisted systematic observations that, transcribed in field diaries, guided the elaboration of the semi-structured interview script. The data obtained were categorized through Content Analysis and analyzed through AET, which entails systematizing the investigation of the real situation of the work environment, raising the difference between prescribed and actual work and its main effects on workers' health. The results suggest that the sweeper uses personal strategies in view of the variability of the tasks performed and prescriptions that require his work activity. In the analysis, it was possible to identify elements that characterize the real working conditions of these workers, as well as the main ergonomic risks that the activity entails for which recommendations for improvements and prevention were determined that include: awareness of the use of Personal Protective Equipment - PPE `s, emphasis on teamwork and training in basic care in health maintenance. In general, it can be concluded that the work of the sweeper, being developed in open public space, is exposed to bad weather: intense sun, rain and other adverse situations caused by the workspace itself. However, they create their own ways of adapting to unfavorable conditions, cooperating with each other, which makes it possible to exceed daily the goals assigned to them by the institution.