Inventário Participativo: Ofício e Modos de Saber-fazer da Renda de Bilro de Ilha Grande | Piauí | Brasil

Abstract

The 1988 Federal Constitution in its article 216 defines brazilian cultural patrimony as a set of possessions of material and immaterial nature, which are markers of memory and identity, references to different social groups. In this work, we take as study object the craft and ways of know-how of “renda de bilro” in Morros da Mariana, today, municipality of Ilha Grande, State of Piauí. Decree No. 3.551/2000 institutes the Registry of Cultural Assets of an Intangible Nature that constitute Brazilian cultural heritage and created the National Program fof Immaterial Patrimony. Our objective was to inventory this cultural patrimony in a collaborative and participatory way. We captured sound, audiovisual and photographic records to build a final report and a documentary, these last products and services of this work. The place of studies and interventions was Ilha Grande, one of the ten municipalities that make up the Delta do Parnaíba Environmental Protection Area. The municipality is the gateway to the Parnaíba Delta, the only one to flow into the open sea in the Americas. It is a remnant locality of original peoples, holder of a rich and complex cultural heritage, with emphasis on the artisanal fishing arts and bobbin lace, present on the island since the Portuguese colonization in the 18th century, considered one of the oldest and rich manifestations of online art, lace and fishing net. In the lace there is the manipulation of bilro, on a cylindrical pillow, by the skilful hands of women with exquisite delicacy. We use as a methodology applied qualitative social research, participatory in the field of intangible cultural heritage and museology, recognizing the importance of safeguarding this craft and ways of knowing how to do. It is worth mentioning that we have adapted the forms from the Manual for the Application of the National Inventory of Cultural References, a technique created by the anthropologist Augusto Arantes for the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute, for the construction of inventories. We held conversation circles, which allowed us to work and record memories, experiences lived from generation to generation. We dialogued with authors who are dedicated to the field of heritage and museology: Varine (2013), Londres (2012), Leite (2016), Pinheiro (2015), among others of references in action and participatory research, such as: Thiollent (2011), Brandão (2006). We also use oral history, which privileges the realization of interviews with people who participated or witnessed events, situations, worldviews, as a way of approaching the object of study, as informed by Alberti (2005); Portelli (1997).